Population change - Methodology

I. Basic definition (of the statistical area of interest)

Statistics on population change includes demographic events with the effect on the change in the size or structure of the population. These events are the birth of a child, the death of a person, the marriage or partnership entry, the divorce of a marriage/partnership or the dissolution of a registered partnership, and the change of permanent (or, in the case of foreigners, also temporary) residence. Demographic statistics includes only events of citizens of the Czech Republic and foreigners with permanent residence in the Czech Republic, third-country nationals with temporary residence in the territory of the Czech Republic on the basis of a long-term visa (over 90 days) or a long-term residence permit, nationals of the EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein and their family members with notified temporary residence in the territory of the Czech Republic, and foreigners granted international protection in the Czech Republic; and (from 2022) persons granted temporary protection in the Czech Republic with usual residence in Czechia (see Population - Methodology | Statistics).

II. Data sources

1. Statistical surveys

Report on marriage entry (Obyv 1-12) – from 2024 only for reporting marriages where at least one of the fiancés is a foreigner; from 2026, the report also applies to the entry into partnerships of two persons of the same sex (under the Civil Code); the reporting unit is the registry office registering a marriage/partnership entry that occurred in its administrative district
Report on birth (Obyv 2-12) – from 2026, only for reporting the birth of a child whose at least one parent is a foreigner; the reporting unit is the registry office registering a birth that occurred in its administrative district
Report on death (Obyv 3-12) – from 2024, only for reporting the death of a foreigner; the reporting unit is the registry office registering a death that occurred in its administrative district
Report on divorce (Obyv 4-12) – from 2026, also for reporting the divorce of partnership (entered into under the Civil Code) or the dissolution of a registered partnership (of two persons of the same sex) by court decision (entered into under the Registered Partnership Act); the reporting unit is the court conducting the relevant divorce of marriage/partnership proceedings or proceedings for the dissolution of a registered partnership; transmitted to the CZSO by the Ministry of Justice of the Czech Republic

2. Administrative data sources

Basic Population Register and its editing agenda information systems: the Information System of Population Records (also referred to as AISEO) and the Foreigners Information System (also referred to as AISC) through the Census Information System (CENZIS; administered by the CZSO) – from 2024 for data on the marriages of two Czech citizens and on the deaths of Czech citizens, and from 2026 also for data on children born to parents with Czech citizenship (both parents, or in cases where the father was not stated, only the mother).
Information System of Population Records, administered by the Ministry of Interior – for migration of Czech citizens
Foreigners Information System, administered by the Police of the Czech Republic – for migration of foreigners with valid permanent or temporary residence exceeding 90 days (including foreigners granted temporary protection)
Information system Report on examination of a deceased person (IS LPZ), administered by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the CR – for cause of death statistics, or for determination/verification of stillborn
CENZIS – for data on educational attainment of the population, or more precisely of persons experiencing selected demographic events (data collected in the 2021 Population and Housing Census and data obtained from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports from the school registers, SIMS (Register of Higher Education Students), and IS CERTIS (information system of evaluation projects of the Centre for the Assessment of Educational Outcomes)).
National Registry of Reproduction Health – Newborn module (NAR), Mother module (ROD), administered by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the CR – for data on birth characteristics of the newborn (weight, length, duration of gestation) and for verifying certain data not directly recorded in the register system ROB/AISEO/AISC (live or still born, plurality of birth, birth order).

III. Statistical population and sample, imputations, and estimations of the non-covered part of the population

Given the statutory obligation to report and register events (the reporting unit is obliged to register all events that occur in its administrative district or are in its power into relevant information systems), the data sets of demographic events are considered to be complete (exhaustive). Only data on the population of the Czech Republic are included in demographic statistics (see Section VI).

Besides events of residents of the Czech Republic occurring in the territory of the Czech Republic, the statistics also include marriages, births, and deaths of Czech residents that occurred abroad, but only if they have Czech citizenship and permanent residence in the Czech Republic (at least one of the fiancés is a Czech citizen in the case of a marriage, and at least one of the parents of the child is a Czech citizen in the case of a birth) and where it is assumed that they reside in the Czech Republic, and are registered in the Czech Republic within a period that allows their inclusion into the statistics.

Data on births, deaths and marriages are included in statistics according to the date of the event, divorces according to the date of legal effect. In the case of migration data, the reference time is the date of reporting the change of address of residence to the competent authority.

The age of a person at the time of the event is given in completed years, i.e. represents the age at the last birthday. In the case of the age of deceased infants, it is the age in completed days.

The statistics on demographic events is processed down to the level of municipalities, only in the case of the capital city of Prague down to the individual basic settlement districts. However, with regard to personal data protection, the details of published outputs for individual territorial units vary (e.g. the number of marriages in individual municipalities is not broken down into age units, etc.).

Marriages

The subject of marriage statistics is the number of legal marriages of residents of the Czech Republic. The number of marriages includes both civil and (until 1949 and from 1 July 1992) religious marriages.

From 2026, the Czech Statistical Office produces also statistics on same-sex partnership entries (under the Civil Code).

The following surveyed/reference data on marriages/partnerships are used for/in demographic statistics: date and place of marriage/partnership entry, date of birth of the fiancés, previous marital status of the fiancés, address of registered residence of the fiancés, citizenship of the fiancés, country of birth of the fiancés (from 2026), educational attainment of the fiancés, order of marriage of the groom/bride (until 2024), and date of preceding divorce/dissolution of registered partnership or widowhood of the fiancés. Based on the collected data, the CZSO calculates the age of the fiancés at the time of marriage, and, in the case of marriages/partnerships of higher than first order, the time elapsed since the divorce/dissolution of registered partnership/widowhood.

In terms of the territorial breakdown of marriages/partnerships, they are by default classified according to the place of residence of the groom or older from the same-sex couple (unless stated otherwise).

Divorces

The subject of divorce statistics is the number of legal dissolutions of marriages of residents of the Czech Republic, for which the reporting unit (district court, the Brno Municipal Court for the Brno-City district; via the Ministry of Justice) sent data from the statistical report on divorce. From 2026, the Czech Statistical Office (CZSO) also collects data on divorces of partnerships (entered into under the Civil Code¹) and on dissolutions of registered partnerships by a court decision (entered into under the Registered Partnership Act).

The following surveyed data are used for/in demographic statistics within the framework of divorce statistics: date of entry into legal force of the court decision, date of entry into the union, date of birth of the spouses/partners, address of the last common residence of the spouses/partners, the address of residence of the spouses/partners (from 2022), educational attainment of the spouses/partners, citizenship of the spouses/partners, the country of birth of the spouses/partners (from 2022), the number of joint (living) minor children, the petitioner of the divorce/dissolution of the registered partnership, order of the divorce/dissolution of the registered partnership of the spouses/partners, and the cause of the union breakdown on the part of the spouses/partners (if examined). Based on the collected data, the CZSO calculates the age of the spouses/partners at the time of divorce/dissolution of registered partnership and the duration of the marriage/(registered) partnership at the time of its termination by court.

In terms of the territorial breakdown of divorces/dissolutions of registered partnerships, they are classified by the last common place of residence of the spouses/partnerships; since 2022, classifications by place of residence of spouses/partners separately have also been available.

¹ Changes from registered partnership to partnership are not included.

Births

The subject of birth statistics is the number of all births, both live births and stillbirths of residents of the Czech Republic. The number of births does not include children whose mother has requested to be undisclosed in connection with childbirth (pursuant to Act No 20/1966 Sb, on Public Health Care, as amended by Act No 422/2004 Sb), and foundlings (with the unknown identity of mother).

The following surveyed/reference data are used for/in demographic statistics: date of birth, sex, whether the child was born alive or stillborn, birth weight and birth length of the child, duration of pregnancy (in weeks), birth order, the birth order in the current marriage (until 2025), date of birth of the previous birth to the mother, marital status of the mother, address of registered residence of the child (usually of the mother), date of birth, educational attainment, citizenship, and country of birth (from 2012) of both parents, and date of marriage of the parents (in the case of married mothers). The citizenship of a child is taken from an administrative source; in the case of a child born to a foreign nationals, the Czech Statistical Office (CZSO) derives it based on information about citizenship of the parents: if at least one of the parents has (at the time of childbirth) Czech citizenship, then the child is assigned Czech citizenship; if both parents are of foreign citizenship, then the child is assigned the citizenship of mother. For a child born to an unmarried woman, the data on the father are not always available. Based on the above-mentioned collected data, the CZSO calculates the age of the mother and father at childbirth, the time elapsed since the birth of the previous child to the mother (in the case of a child born in the second or higher order), and the time elapsed since the marriage (in the case of married mothers).

In most cases, statistical outputs are (only) for live births, which are one of the components of the natural change of the population. The distinction between live birth and stillbirth is based on the information provided in the report on birth (from 2026, only in cases where at least one parent was a foreign national) and from information recorded in the system of registers ROB/AISEO/AISC, in NRRZ – NAR, ROD, and in IS LPZ; compliance with the definitions is assumed. At present, the definitions of live birth and stillbirth, along with all cases of abortions, are provided in the instructions for filling in the Report on examination of the deceased person (in the Decree No 297/2012 Sb, on the Report on Examination of the Deceased Person, as amended), for the purpose of filling in this report; the base is definition of a foetus after abortion as set out in Act No 372/2011 Sb, on Health Services. Definitions of livebirth and stillbirth are also provided in EU legislation: a livebirth in Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European statistics on demography; a stillbirth in the Commission Regulation (EU) No 328/2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work, as regards statistics on causes of death, for the purposes of the respective regulations.

In terms of the territorial breakdown of births, they are classified by the place of residence of the mother at the time of childbirth (if the mother has not registered residence in the Czech Republic, but the father and the child have, then by the place of residence of the father at the time of childbirth), or at the first address where the child was registered.

Deaths

The subject of death statistics is the number of all deceased residents of the Czech Republic. The number of deaths does not include persons of unknown identity.

The following surveyed/reference data are used for/in demographic statistics: date and place of death, date of birth, sex, marital status, address of registered residence, educational attainment, citizenship, and country of birth (from 2012) of the deceased, and in the case of a deceased person of marital status married/in partnership, also the date of birth of the widowed/partner. The category of place of death is taken from the Report of examination of the deceased person (in 2007–2012, this information was stated in the statistical report on death). Based on the collected data, the CZSO calculates the age of the deceased and the age of the widowed/partner.

Deaths by cause of death

For the compilation of statistics on cause of death, the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS CR) transmits selected characteristics of the relevant part of the Report of examination of the deceased person (causes of death and related medical characteristics) to the CZSO. Until 2012, causes of death were collected by the CZSO through the registry offices via the statistical reports on death.

Causes of death are coded according to the decennial revisions of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems valid in the Czech Republic (for periods of validity of individual decennial revisions, see section IX, annex ‘Definitions of demographic events effective in the past’). Since 2009, updates of the 10th revision issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) have been implemented in the Czech Republic. The IHIS CR is responsible for the translation of the ICD-10 and its updates to Czech language, and their implementation in the CR.

In statistical outputs, the data are tabulated according to the underlying cause of death, which is defined by the WHO as the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury. Since 2011, the CZSO has been using the programme for automated coding (IRIS) for the selection of the underlying cause of death.

Migration (immigrants, emigrants)

Migration refers to a change of the permanent residence, as for foreigners, it also refers to a change of temporary residence exceeding 90 days (incl. temporary protection), across the border of a given territorial unit. Migration statistics compiled by the CZSO are based on the change of the municipality of residence; data on migration within the territory of a municipality are available only for the capital city of Prague (published down to the level of city districts). Migration statistics are processed separately for internal (within the territory of the Czech Republic) and international migration.

The following data from administrative data sources are used for demographic statistics: date of birth, sex, marital status, and citizenship of the migrant; the migration itself is specified by the date of change of the registered residence and the municipality of the previous and new residence (only in the case of change of the residence in the territory of the Czech Republic; in the case of migration from/to abroad, no information on a country of origin/destination is available).

Note: The completeness and the quality of migration statistics depend on the completeness of reporting changes of address of residence by residents of the Czech Republic. For example, if a person does not report the termination of his or her residence in the Czech Republic to the competent authorities when moving abroad, this event is not recorded in the administrative data source, and consequently in migration statistics and population balance (in fact emigrated person remains in the annual population figures obtained by the balance (and overestimates them) until the new census, when he or she is not be enumerated, or (in the case of foreigners) until the residence permit expires).

IV. Overview of main indicators

The indicators are used at the national and regional level (most of them), and for various periods. However, the reliability of the indicator for small territorial/time units/periods may be affected by the low number of events that occurred in the unit or by the small population size of the unit. The period mostly used in demographic statistics is a calendar year.

Natural change (natural increase or decrease): the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths in the reference period.

Net migration: the difference between the number of immigrants to a given territorial unit and the number of emigrants from it in the reference period.

Population change (total increase or decrease): the sum of natural change and net migration in the reference period.

Crude (marriage/divorce/birth/death/migration rate) rate: the number of given demographic events per total mid-period population (i.e. at the middle of the reference period). It is usually expressed per 1,000 population.

Sex-age-specific (marriage/divorce/fertility/mortality/migration) rate: the number of given demographic events of persons of a given age (age interval) per mid-period population (usually per 1,000 population) of that age (age interval).

Total first marriage rate: the proportion of the population (of men/women) who would enter into the first marriage before their 50th birthday provided that age-specific marriage, mortality, and migration rates of the single population observed in a reference year remained unchanged. It is the output indicator of one-decrement nuptiality life tables (see Section IX, annex ‘Methodology of the calculation of nuptiality life table’). The indicator is only available at the national level.

The mean (average) age at marriage can be based on the distribution of age-specific marriage rates, or on the distribution of absolute numbers of marriages by age of the bride/groom (see methodological notes in the individual publications for a method of calculation used). In the annual time series at the national level, the mean age of men/women at first marriage is based on the distribution of table numbers of first marriages by age from one-decrement nuptiality life tables.

Total divorce rate: the proportion of marriages that would terminate in divorce provided that the divorce rates by the duration of the marriage of a reference year remained unchanged.

Divorce rate by the duration of marriage expresses the number of divorces of a given duration of marriage per number of marriages that occurred before the relevant number of years. The mean duration of marriage at divorce is based on the distribution of divorce rates by duration of marriage.

The mean (average) age at divorce can be based on the distribution of age-specific divorce rates, or on the distribution of absolute numbers of divorces by age of the man/woman (see methodological notes in the individual publications for a method of calculation used).

Secondary sex ratio: the ratio of the number of live-born boys to the number of live-born girls (usually per 100 girls) in a reference period.

Total fertility rate: the average number of children that would be born alive to a woman provided that age-specific fertility rates of a reference year remained unchanged during her childbearing period (age 15–49 years).

The mean (average) age of women at childbirth can be based on the distribution of the age-specific fertility rates, or on the distribution of absolute numbers of live births by age of the woman (see methodological notes in the individual publications for a method of calculation used).

Gross reproduction rate: the average number of live-born daughters that would be born to a woman provided that the age-specific fertility rates of a reference year remained unchanged during her childbearing period (age 15–49 years).

Net reproduction rate: the average number of live-born daughters that would be born to a woman and live to the age of their mother at the time of childbirth provided that the age-specific intensities of fertility and mortality of a reference year remained unchanged during her childbearing period (age 15–49 years). The probability of surviving to the age of the mother is based on mortality tables.

Stillbirth rate: the proportion of stillbirths of total births in a reference period (usually per 1,000 total births).

Infant mortality rate: the ratio of the number of deaths aged under 1 year to the number of live births in a reference period (usually per 1,000 total births).

Neonatal mortality rate: the ratio of the number of deaths of infants aged under 28 days to the number of live births in a reference period (usually per 1,000 live births).

The perinatal mortality rate: the ratio of the number of stillbirths and deaths of infants aged under 7 days to the number of total births in a reference period (usually per 1,000 births).

Life expectancy: the average number of years an x-year-old individual can expect to live provided that age-specific mortality conditions of a reference period remained unchanged. It is a main indicator of mortality life tables (for details see section IX, annex ‘Methodology of the calculation of life tables’). Due to the different mortality level by sex, the life expectancy is calculated separately for men and women.

Standardised mortality rate: mortality rate standardised using the direct standardisation method. The European Standard Population, as defined by Eurostat (2012 revision), is used as the standard population. The purpose of standardisation is to eliminate the effect of differences in the age structure of regional populations on observed mortality levels.

Volume of international migration (gross international migration): the sum of immigrants from abroad and emigrants abroad in a reference period.

Volume of internal migration: the number of all registered changes of place of residence within a given territorial unit in a reference period. The volume of internal migration of a higher territorial unit is defined as the sum of the volumes of internal migration of relevant lower territorial units and volumes of internal migration among these lower territorial units.

V. Retrospective corrections, revisions, estimation refinement procedure

Data published as provisional are revised during the year by updating all monthly population data from the beginning of the year once every three months when new provisional data are released for the last quarter (i.e. when the next news release Population change, dataset Population of the Czech Republic and monthly time series Population are issued). Data for a reference year are considered to be final after the release (usually in May of the following year) of definitive data on the population and age structure at all territorial levels in that year (except for causes of death, which are available at the beginning of October. The CZSO does not revise the final results of demographic statistics retrospectively.

VI. Comparability

1. Comparability over time

Since 1 May 2004, all data have been referred to citizens of the Czech Republic and foreigners with permanent residence in the Czech Republic, third-country nationals with temporary residence in the Czech Republic holding a long-term visa (over 90 days) or a long-term residence permit, nationals of the EU Member States, Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein and their family members with notified temporary residence in the territory of the Czech Republic, foreigners granted international protection in the Czech Republic, and persons granted temporary protection in the Czech Republic with usual residence in the Czechia (from 2022).

Until 2000, only events of residents with permanent residence in the Czech Republic (irrespective of their citizenship) were included. Since 2001, following the 2001 Census of population, houses and dwellings, the data have also included events of foreigners with a visa for a stay over 90 days and foreigners granted asylum.

The regional breakdown of the results of demographic statistics in a reference year refers to the territories valid as of 1 January of that year. If a territorial change occurs during the year (as at a date other than 1 January), this change will be reflected in the statistics for the following year for the first time. Thus, data in the time series for a certain territorial unit may not be fully comparable in the case of territorial changes. The time series of the comparable data on the population stocks and population change of individual territorial units (which refer to the same territorial structure for all years of the time series) are presented in the demographic yearbooks of the (different types of) territorial units (Demographic Yearbook of Regions, Demographic Yearbook of Districts, Demographic Yearbook of Towns, Demographic Yearbook of Administrative Districts of Municipalities with Extended Powers, and Demographic Yearbook of Administrative Districts of Municipalities with Authorised Municipal Authority).

The data on demographic events always respect the legislation effective at the date when the event took place, with the definitions of individual events changing over the years (see below and section IX, annex ‘Definitions of demographic events effective in the past’).

Marriages

The citizenship of a groom/bride has been surveyed since 1995, until 1994 the ethnicity was surveyed.

The educational attainment of a groom/bride has been collected on a voluntary basis (a separate category ‘not identified’ has occurred in the statistics since 2008). Since 2015, the surveyed levels of the highest completed education of a groom/bride have been expanded to include a separate category for tertiary technical education. From 2024, data stored and processed in CENZIS (data from the latest population and housing census and data provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports) are also used for the information on educational attainment of the fiancés/partners.

Since 2013, in consequence of the modification of the Marriage Questionnaire (the document of registry offices, which the registry offices use also for completing the statistical report on marriage entry), data on the order of marriage of divorced or widowed fiancés and the date of the last divorce or widowhood collected via statistical reports on marriage entry have not been available for all fiancés anymore. From 2026, the specific order of marriage/partnership is no longer surveyed; only a first marriage/partnership (i.e. of a person who has not previously been married or in a partnership) and a higher-order marriage/partnership are distinguished.

Divorces

Until 2006, divorces were broken down into calendar months according to the date of sending the report on divorce; since 2007, the month in which the divorce became legally effective has been a determining criterion. Based on the time information on divorce and the date of marriage, the duration of the marriage at the time of divorce is calculated.

Citizenship has been surveyed since 1995, until 1994 ethnicity was surveyed.

The educational attainment has been collected on a voluntary basis (a separate category ‘not identified’ has occurred in the statistics since 2007). Since 2022, the surveyed levels of the highest completed education of a man/woman have been expanded to include a separate category for tertiary technical education.

A joint divorce petition has been possible (according to § 755-758 of the Civil Code) since 1 January 2014, but this option was implemented into statistics in 2015.

Since 2022, a revised classification of causes of marital breakdown has been introduced, and it is possible to state up to three causes for both the husband and the wife.

Births

In 1949, 1953, 1965, 1988 and 2012, the definition of a live birth/stillbirth changed (see Section IX, annex ‘Definitions of demographic events effective in the past’ for more details).

In accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European demographic statistics, the methodology for reporting birth order changed in 2014. Until 2013, the birth order reflected all children born to a woman, i.e. including stillbirths; since 2014, the birth order has been determined only from and for live births of a woman.

Since 2007, the educational attainment has been collected on a voluntary basis (since that year a separate category ‘not identified’ has occurred in the statistics). Since 2015, the surveyed levels of the highest completed education of the mother/father of the child have been expanded to include a separate category for tertiary technical education. From 2024, data stored and processed in CENZIS (data from the latest population and housing census and data provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports) are also used for the information on the educational attainment of parents.

The citizenship has been surveyed since 1995, with only the citizenship of the child being collected in 1995–2011, and the citizenship of the mother and the father being collected since 2012, from which the citizenship of the child has been determined for statistical purposes (see Section III), but from 2026 only in the case of children born to residents with foreign citizenship. In the case of children born to parents with Czech citizenship, the information on the citizenship of the child is taken from the basic population register. Until 1994, the ethnicity of the father and mother of the child was surveyed.

Until 2007, data on fathers of children born outside marriage were not covered in the statistics.

Deaths

Citizenship has been surveyed since 1995, until 1994 ethnicity was surveyed.

Since 2007, the educational attainment has been collected on a voluntary basis (since that year a separate category ‘not identified’ has occurred in the statistics). Since 2013, the categories of marital status and educational attainment of the deceased used in CZSO statistics have been in accordance with the Report on examination of the deceased person; the same categories are extracted (from 2024) from the basic population register. From 2024, data stored and processed in CENZIS (data from the latest population and housing census and data provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports) are also used for the information on the educational attainment of the deceased person.

Migration

The comparability of data on migration (especially international migration) over the years is partly affected by changes in data sources. Until 2000, migration statistics were based on data collection via statistical reports (Obyv 5-12 Report on migration). In 2001–2004, the statistical Report on migration was the source for migration statistics of Czech citizens (with residence registration offices as reporting units), and data on the migration of foreigners were provided by the Directorate of the Foreign Police Service from its information system. Since 2005, all reports on migration have been replaced by administrative data from the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic. The Information System of Population Records is the source of data on the migration of Czech citizens and in the period from 2008 to June 2012 was the source of data for all migration statistics (i.e. including migration of foreigners). The Foreigners Information System is the data source for the migration of foreigners (both across state borders and within the country), except for the aforementioned period from the beginning of 2008 to mid-2012.

Citizenship of migrants has been surveyed since 1995, until 1994 ethnicity was surveyed.

Until 2004, the reason for migration and the educational attainment of the migrant were also surveyed; the end of the collection of these characteristics was related to the change in data sources of the migration statistics.

Abortions

Demographic statistics of the Czech Republic traditionally included also data on abortions, which are collected by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. Until 2023, the Czech Statistical Office received data on reported abortions in the form of a set of individual records on abortions of women residents of the Czech Republic that occurred in the territory of the Czech Republic in the reference year. The CZSO published data without changes, i.e. including classification of the collected characteristics used by IHIS CR (it concerns e.g. breakdown of marital status and educational attainment of a woman, which is more detailed compared to the common classifications used by the CZSO). In CZSO outputs, abortions were broken down by date of abortion, type of abortion, gestational age of a foetus, age, marital status, citizenship, and educational attainment of the woman, the number of previous abortions and live births to the woman; territorially were classified by the place of residence of the woman. From 2024 onwards, the publication (and provision) of data on abortions is left to the competence of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic.

Abortion statistics has been kept in the CR since 1953, detailed statistics on all types of abortions since 1958 in connection with the entry into force of the Act No 68/1957 Sb, on Induced Termination of Pregnancy.

The definition of abortion changed in 1965, 1988 and 2012 (see Section IX, annex ‘Definitions of demographic events effective in the past’ and www.uzis.cz for more details).

2. Comparability with other outputs

Data on births, deaths and abortions published by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (www.uzis.cz) may be based on other data sources (health statistics of the IHIS CR) and thus may differ from the data published by the CZSO.

3. International comparability

Data on natural change are provided by Member States to Eurostat in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 on European demographic statistics. According to it, Member States shall provide Eurostat with data on births and deaths by their usual residence at the reference time. However, if the place of usual residence cannot be established, the usual residence can be taken to mean the place of legal or registered residence (applied for data for the Czech Republic). Data on other demographic events are provided to Eurostat on a voluntary basis. For more details see Marriages and divorces (europa.eu), Fertility (national level) (demo_fer) (europa.eu), Mortality (national level) (europa.eu). In the case of stillbirth statistics, the data published by the CZSO and Eurostat differ due to a different definition applied.

The provision of data on international migration to Eurostat follows the Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Community statistics on migration and international protection; see International Migration statistics (europa.eu) for more details. These data differ from data published by the CZSO within the framework of demographic statistics due to a different definition.

VII. Seasonal adjustment

Data on demographic events are not subject to seasonal adjustment.

VIII. Dissemination

All national outputs are available on the CZSO website Population | Statistics.

The most up-to-date data on the number of demographic events of the population of the Czech Republic, individual cohesion regions, regions, districts, and administrative districts of municipalities with extended powers are published quarterly, as preliminary in the dataset Population of the Czech Republic, according to publication dates set in Catalogue of Products | Statistics (data for the Czech Republic are also provided in news release Population change and in monthly time series Population).

Final data on the numbers of demographic events and their breakdown by various characteristics are published as datasets in the DataStat, under the section People - Population, and they are also published in the source publications of the demographic statistics, which has been published under the title Demographic Yearbook of the Czech Republic since 2005. Demographic Handbook contains long-term time series of the data on population.

Individual breakdowns of the data on demographic events can be obtained on request, addressed to Information Services (infoservis@csu.gov.cz).

IX. Additional methodological information and external links

Quality report(s)

Available at Population - Reports on quality | CZSO.

Legislation

The Czech Statistical Office performs the State Statistical Service on the basis of Act No 89/1995 Sb, on the State Statistical Service. Its scope is defined in § 4, respectively § 7 of this Act.

The territorial breakdown of the Czech Republic follows Constitutional Act No 347/1997 Sb, on the Establishment of Higher Territorial Self-Governing Units (regions), as amended, on the Act No 387/2004 Sb, on Changes in Regions Boundaries, as amended, and on the Act No 51/2020 Sb, on the Territorial Administrative Division of the State, and the Decree No 346/2020 Sb, on the Determination of Administrative Districts of Municipalities with Extended Powers, the Territories of the Districts of the Capital City of Prague, and the assignment of certain municipalities in other districts, as amended. The CZ-NUTS classification and other territorial code lists for the territory of the Czech Republic are also used (see Main territorial code lists for the territory of the Czech Republic and CZ-NUTS classification (in Czech only)).