Energy Balances of the Czech Republic
Development of the Czech Republic | Contents |
Development of the Czech Republic
fuel and energy economy
from 1990
Development of the primary energy sources
Energy inputs into the Czech Republic national economy were permanently decreasing from 1990 till 1994. This degressive tendency was interrupted in 1995 and 1996, when primary energy sources increase occurred.
In 1997, the primary energy sources decreased again roughly on their level in 1995.
In 2001, after their drop in 1999(to 78.1% of their level in 1990), the primary energy sources reached 81.6% of their level in 1990.
Y E A R | Primary Energy Sources PJ | Index 1990 = 100 |
1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 | 2076 1684 1749 1823 1745 1659 1621 1657 1693 | 100,0 81,1 84,2 87,8 84,1 79,9 78,1 79,8 81,6 |
National economy dependence on energy sources imports has further been increasing till 1998 (47% of Primary Energy Sources), in 2000 this dependence dropped to 44% and in 2001 to 45.7%. This drop was caused, above all, by crude oil imports reduction. In 1990 a share of imports on primary energy sources corresponded to 32.1% and in 1995 to 41.5%.
Onward structure change, in favour of noble kinds of energy, became evident in reduction of solid fuels share in primary energy sources from 64.9% in 1990 and 57.4% in 1995 to 50.7% in 1999. In 2000 this share rose again up to 54.7% and in 2001 to 54.1%. The volume of used solid fuels was reduced in this period (from 1990 till 2001) by 31.9%. On the contrary, the natural gas share in primary energy sources increased. From 10.8% in 1990 to 15.6% in 1995 and to 19.7% in 2001.
In the publication there are presented some preliminary data for 2002, too. Within the frame of this analysis, this data are not commented above all and because of their incompleteness.
Processes of fuels upgrading, heat and electricity production
Gross efficiency of energy products production in fuels upgrading processes increased from 80.7% in 1990 to 81.4% in 1996 and to 89.7% in 2001. At the same time , from 1990 to 2001, total amount of fuels used for these purposes was reduced by 221 PJ (by 27.7%).
Less efficient processes limitation, as generator gas production in industrial coal gasification plants and mazout gasification, became evident here. (This production has not been reported from 2000.)
In 1990, the electric energy production in the CR equalled to 62558 GWh. After marked drop in production from 1991 till 1994 there was produced 60847 GWh of electric energy in 1995 and rise in production during next years kept on. In 2001, there was produced 74647 GWh of electric energy. From 1990 till 2001, efficiency in electricity production increased from 33.9% to 36.2%.
Final fuels and energy consumption
Final consumption of fuels and energy used in national economy including households consumption decreased in 2001, in comparison with 1990, from 1303.2 PJ (62.8% of primary energy sources) to 1056.6 PJ (62.4% of primary energy sources), i.e. by 248 PJ, (by 19.0%).
At this time the final energy consumption structure gradually changed in favour of noble kinds of energy at lowering the solid fuels consumption. While in 1990 the final consumption of solid fuels equalled to 27.5%, in 2001 it was 14.7% of the total final consumption.
Its weight has been transferred , above all, to natural gas - its share in total final consumption increased from 13.6% in 1990 (incl. town gas) to 23.2% in 2001, i.e. by 9.6%.
Electric energy share in the final consumption increased during these years by 3.3% - from 13.5% in 1990 to 16.8% in 2001.
In the final consumption structure by sectors there the industry share equalled to 48,0% in 1990, 43.7% in 1996 and 42,4% in 2001. On the other hand, transport share increased.
The households consumed 330.2 PJ in 1990 (25.4% of the total final consumption).
Their consumption decreased during following years to 250.7 PJ in 1995 (22.9% of their final consumption) and in 2001 to 261.8% (i.e. 24.8% of the final consumption).
The structure of individual fuels kinds substitution was markedly changed at households final consumption (in % of the total final consumption) :
 | 1990 | 1995 | 1998 | 2001 |
| Solid Fuels | 47.1 | 33.0 | 21.5 | 18,6 |
| Liquid Fuels | 12.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Gaseous Fuels | 15.0 | 28.9 | 37.5 | 40.2 |
| Heat | 15.8 | 16.8 | 19.2 | 21.5 |
| Electricity | 9.3 | 21.3 | 21.6 | 19.6 |
| Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Energy demandingness of the national economy
Energy demandingness of the CR national economy, represented by means of the primary energy sources consumption to thousand CZK of the gross domestic product (at 1995 average prices ), developed as follows:
Year | Energy demandingness of the GDP in GJ/thousand CZK | Index 1990 = 100 |
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 | 1.593 1.641 1.511 1.460 1.372 1.355 1.353 1.300 1.251 1.212 1.200 1.184 | 100.0 103.0 94.8 91.7 86.1 85.1 85.0 81.6 78.5 76.1 75.4 74.3 |
From 1990, energy demandingness of the gross domestic product formation, with the exception of 1991 and 1996, had a down tendency that was maintained in 2001 too.
The gross domestic product rose by 3.8% as compared with last year, at the same time the primary energy sources increased by 2.2% as compared with 2000.