The accomplished analysis of definite results of t

Compared with the last census the Central Bohemia Region as a whole has presented the highest increase of the population number out of all the regions of the Czech Republic, but in the next decades the drop of a long-term decrease of the age structure will influence the population development  in an ominous way.

Next factor which permanently influences the development of the Central Bohemia population is a  missing regional capital and also two district towns which would together attract younger population out of their hinterland. The lower number of town dwellers, compared with other regions of the Czech Republic, has a degressive affect on the age structure; as a rule a higher rate of young people in towns and so relatively more women in the fertile age then give a certain  guaranty of  a more auspicious population development compared with the rural settlement.

The increase of the population number in the Central Bohemia Region  of more than 9.5 thousand people is a positive phenomenon between  last two censuses. It has been  absolutely and relatively the highest increase of population out of all regions of the republic since 1991.

Six districts of the region (Kladno, Mělník, Mladá Boleslav, Nymburk, Prague – east and Prague – west) have taken part in this increase. This is a further positive fact because in the last inter-census period  (1980-1991) the population number dropped in all eleven districts except for the district of Příbram.

Out of six previously enumerated districts, the population rise in the districts of Prague – east and Prague – west that neighbour with the region of the Capital City Prague has gone up sharply (+ 3.5 thousand persons, or + 8.2 thousand persons as the case may be).

Above all, a relatively sharp rise of  dwelling constructions  in those two districts went towards this auspicious development which appeared in a considerably high positive balance of migration in the period of 1991 – 2000. The increase of the population number by migration in this period represents 5,010 persons in total in the district of Prague – east and in the district of Prague – west 8,693 persons in total. Of course, even here,  some negative demographic phenomena project on to the population development. The evidence is e.g. the drop of the share of the age group 0 – 14 years in the period in between the censuses 1991 – 2001 in the district of Prague – east  from 20.1 to 15.7 percentage points and in the district of Prague - west from 19.6 to 16.3 percentage points. A considerably high fall in population by natural change occurred in both districts in the period of 1991 – 2000. In this period a natural fall of 3,042 persons in the district of Prague – east was recorded and in the district of Prague – west there was a natural fall of 2,653 persons.

A fairly high rise in  the population number was recorded also in the district of Mladá Boleslav in the period between the censuses 1991 – 2001 where the population number rose of 2,654 persons compared with the year 1991.

A  population number has dropped in six districts of the region compared with the year 1991. The sharpest fall was recorded in the districts of Kolín (drop of 2,082 persons), Kutná Hora (drop of 1,622 persons) and Benešov (drop of 1,263 persons). It is among others also a  consequence of worsening the age structure of population both in these districts and also in the totality in the Central Bohemia Region. It demonstrates also the steadily increasing average age of population in the districts and in the region itself. The average age of population in  the Central Bohemia Regionhas increased of more than two years from 37.0 years in the year 1991 to 39.1 years in the year 2001.

From the national point of view the area of the  Central Bohemia Regionis a  fairly homogeneous and stabilised area with a remarkable supremacy of population of the Czech origin who form 95.7% of the sum total of population in the region. Yet a slightly important share of the population of the Slovak origin forms 1.4% of the sum total of population in the region. The share of  other nationalities keeps within the limits of only several tenths of percentage, even among  individual districts there are not big differences  in the ethnic structure. 1,416 persons have signed  the registration for the Romany origin in the whole Central Bohemia Region, which is 0.1% of the sum total of population in the region.

As to religion,  the number of people that  professed  to some of the churches  fell  relatively sharply  in 2001 comparing with the population and housing census in 1991. The share of “believers” dropped from 35.4% in 1991 to 23.4% in 2001 out of the sum total of all inhabitants. We must take in consideration these 12 percentage points with a certain reserve. It depended very much on the willingness of respondents to profess or not to some of the churches. This willingness to express more openly and truly their own religious believes after a long period of time was probably higher in the year 1991 than in the population and housing census in 2001.

The results of the population and housing census in 2001 showed that the general education of population in the Central Bohemia Regionhad gone up. The numberof persons with completed university education and persons with completed secondary school education has gone up in a most dynamic way. The university educated persons share has reached 7.0% on the total population number aged 15 and over in the year 2001, and it is the rise by around 2 percentage points compared with the year 1991. The share of persons with completed secondary school education has increased from 21.6% in the year 1991 to 27.8% in the year 2001, which represents the rise of 6.2 percentage points. Further, the number of persons with the basic education has dropped sharply and their share on the total population number aged 15 and over in the year 2001 was only 23%, which is the fall of 12 percentage points compared with  the year 1991. For the long-term comparison it can be stated that in the year 1970 it was still the rate 56% of persons with the basic education on the total population number aged 15 and over.

The total number of economically active persons has dropped by around nearly one thousand persons compared with the population and housing census in 1991. The fall of the female economic activity has its part in this decrease. Also the number of  working pensioners has gone  down sharply, both men and women. As far as the branch of the economically active population is concerned, in the period  between the censuses 1991 – 2001  a relatively sharp decrease of the share of persons working in agriculture and forestry and in industrial branches has been recorded. The share of economically active persons working in agriculture and forestry reached in the population and housing census in 2001 in total 4.9% out of the total number of economically active persons and it was the drop nearly of 10%  on the year 1991. The share of economically active persons working in industry has dropped from 38% of the total number of economically active persons in the year 1991 to 28.1% in the population and housing census in 2001, which represents the fall of nearly ten percentage points during ten years. According to the population and housing census in 2001, nearly 52% employed persons in  the Central Bohemia Region commuted to their work outside their permanent residence. The highest share of commuting persons is in the districts of Prague – west, Beroun and Prague – east.

Linking up well to the rise of permanently occupied  dwellings both the number of dwelling households  and the number of households on common budget and census households have increased in comparison with the year 1991.  The long-term low numbers of newly-born babies are shown in the decrease of the share of two-parents households with children on the total number of the census households, which means from 33.8% in the year 1991 to 25.2% in the population and housing census in 2001. On the contrary, the share of lone-parent households with children has risen of more than 2 percentage points in comparison with the year 1991.  The share of households of individuals which partook in the total number of census households in the year 2001 with already 28.6% has increased nearly of two percentage points since last  population and housing census. The average number of members of a census household dropped from 2.52 in the year 1991 to 2.40 in the year 2001. In the year 2001 in total 112.4 census households came to 100 dwelling households, which is the rise of 2.3 census households compared with the year 1991.

The number of permanently occupied houses has increased of nearly 4.5 thousand in  the Central Bohemia Region in comparison with the year 1991, which  is the rise of 1.9%.  A sharp rise has been  found out  in (family) houses whose number  has risen of 6,255 on the year 1991, which is the rise of 2.9%. Next, the technical equipment of permanently occupied houses has improved, when the share of the houses connected to the gas supply system, to  the public water supply system, and to the public sewerage system has increased in comparison with the last population and housing census. Of course, the number of unoccupied  houses has still risen. Their number increased from 53,378  in the year 1991 to 67,567 in the year 2001, which signifies the rise of nearly 27%. The  unoccupied houses partook in the total number of all the houses by more than 22% in the year 2001. Nearly 55%  unoccupied houses are weekend houses.

The number of permanently occupied  dwellings has increased in all districts, and in summary in the whole region  in comparison with the year 1991. The total increase in the region represents more than 14 thousand dwellings. Namely districts of Prague – west, Mladá Boleslav, Prague – east and Kladno have the greatest contribution to this increase. The number of permanently occupied  dwellings has increased of more than 8,300 dwellings in those four districts. The highest increase of all among the districts of the region was found in the district of Prague – west where the number of permanently occupied dwellings  has gone up of 3,290 dwellings in comparison with the year 1991, which is the rise of 12.6%. A relatively high increase of permanently occupied dwellings in the last decade brought up not only a higher standard of housing but also a decrease of the average age of the permanently occupied dwelling stock. The average age of a dwelling went down from 48.1 years in the year 1991 to 42.2 years, which is the drop of nearly six full years.

The standard of  housing has met with significant qualitative changes. In the year 2001 already 43% of permanently occupied dwellings were connected to the gas supply system,  95% of dwellings had their own water supply system, 79% of dwellings had a central heating, 94% of dwellings had their bathrooms  within their dwellings, and 91% of permanently occupied dwellings had their own flush toilets. There are greater differences among individual districts only in the connection to the gas supply system where the smallest share of the connection of the dwellings to the gas supply system  is in the district of Benešov (13.3%) and the highest share of permanently occupied dwellings connected to the gas supply system is in the district of Kladno (63.7%) and of Mladá Boleslav (54.3%). There is  a relatively minimal differentiation among  individual districts in the other technical equipment of permanently occupied dwellings.

There has been a decrease of the share of dwellings of the second, third and fourth categories in favour of the first category in comparison with the year 1991. The share of the first category dwellings on the total number of permanently occupied dwellings has risen from 63.5% in the year 1991 to 83.2% in the year 2001.

Further, an average number of persons per a permanently occupied dwelling has dropped from 2.77 in the year 1991 to 2.68 in the year 2001. An average habitable floor area per a person was  19.9 m² in the year 2001, which is the rise of 2 m² compared with  the year 1991, and an average habitable floor area per a dwelling increased from the year 1991 to 2001 from 49.4 m² to 53.4 m². An average number of habitable rooms bigger than 8 m²of the habitable floor area per a dwelling has risen of 0.11 in comparison with the year 1991, and so one dwelling had already in average 2.90 habitable rooms in the population and housing census in 2001.

The population and housing census in 2001 has shown that the improvement of the dwellings with long – term consumption items has continued in the Central Bohemia Region.

Nearly 58% of households is equipped with  a passenger car, out of this number 10% of households  have two or more passenger cars. More than 78% of dwelling households is equipped with a  telephone, roughly one third of them had  both a fixed telephone line and a mobile telephone. More than 15% of  dwelling households have been equipped with a personal computer where  less than half of them had a possibility of the internet connection according to the  results of the population and housing census in 2001.

The total number of 66,146 households, which is 16.0 % of the sum total of dwelling households, stated in the population and housing census in 2001 that they had a possibility to use a recreational cottage, nearly two thirds of them could use their own recreational cottage (weekend house).

As far as the comparison of the status of the Central Bohemia Regionto the other regions of the Czech Republic is concerned, there were not any significant changes according  to the  results of the population and housing census in 2001 in comparison with the last population and housing census in 1991.

The  Central Bohemia Regionhas still  the highest number of   municipalities  and parts of municipalities  out of all regions of the Czech Republic. The territory of the region covers 14.0% of the total area of the Czech Republic, and 11.0% of all population of the Czech Republic live there.

Thanks to the relatively high population increase in the region in the period between the censuses in the year 1991 and 2001 the share of  the population permanently  living in the region to the number of the inhabitants in the Czech Republic has increased by 0.1 percentage point.

The  Central Bohemia Region  still belongs to less densely populated areas with the density of 101.9 persons per 1 km²  in the year 2001 and it has the ninth  place among the regions of the Czech Republic. In the year 1991 the Central Bohemia Regionwould have occupied the tenth place among the regions of the Czech Republic with the density of 101.2  persons per 1 km² in the comparable territorial arrangement.

The unfavourable age structure of population is projected in the high average age of  population of the  Central Bohemia Region. An average age of the population in the region was 39.1 years according  to the  results of the population and housing census in 2001, only the population of the Capital Prague and of the district of Plzeň had a higher average age.

In the year 2001 nearly 52% employed persons in the Central Bohemia Region commuted to their work from their  permanent residence. It is far most  of all the regions of the entire republic.  The share of  commuting persons to their work from their  permanent residence in the Central Bohemia Region accesses of more than 12 percentage points the average in the Czech Republic, and in comparison with the year 1991 it has risen of next 5 percentage points.