Early childhood, primary, and secondary education

Between the 2014/15 and 2024/25 school years, the number of children enrolled in nursery schools remained relatively stable at 360 – 370 thousand, with the exception of the 2020/21 school year, which was affected by the COVID 19 pandemic. By September 2025, enrolment had declined to 348 thousand.
Over the last decade, the number of basic school pupils increased by 14%, peaking between 2021 and 2022 due to the admission of Ukrainian refugee children (a 4.4% rise). The total number of children enrolled rose to nearly 1,008 thousands pupils. Subsequently, enrolment declined by 0,7%. In the 2025/26 school year, approximately 1,003 thousand pupils were enrolled in basic schools in Czechia.
At secondary schools, student numbers declined until 2018/19 but have increased steadily since 2019/20. By September 2025, secondary school enrolment reached 515 thousand students, representing a 22% increase compared to 2018.