http://eagri.cz/public/web/mze/ministerstvo-zemedelstvi/statistika/ (questionnaires of the MoA)
The content and purpose of statistical surveys, the range of reporting units, the method of statistical surveys, the periodicity and deadlines for the data provision are specified in the Decree on the Program of Statistical Surveys for the relevant calendar year.
III. Statistical population and sample selection, methods of imputations and estimation
A. Livestock statistics
Statistical surveys in holdings dealing with livestock farming are conducted in the form of sample surveys with stratified sampling. The Farm Register is the basis for sampling of responding units. The Farm Register is continuously updated until the date of creation of the statistical population.
Statistical populations for particular surveys include holdings registered as active in the Farm Register dealing with farming of:
or
or
Samples for particular surveys are set from the population on the basis of affiliation of each unit to a defined stratum.
Criteria for involvement of each unit to particular stratum:
Certain sampling rate based on the size category is assigned to each stratum. The units with the sampling rate under 100% are generated from the population using random number generation without replacement.
Weighting is used for estimation of the non-surveyed part of the population. Values obtained in the strata with the sampling rate under 100% are weighted using coefficients according to the percentage of selected units.
The values for responding units from the sample that did not provide their data (non-response) are replaced by average values in each stratum.
Statistical indicators on cattle and pig production for the 2nd half of the year are calculated as the difference between the values of the indicators from the respective questionnaire for the calendar year and for the 1st half of the year.
B. Meat production statistics
Statistical surveys on meat production are conducted as exhaustive surveys (censes) in slaughterhouses registered under the State Veterinary Administration. The list of slaughterhouses is updated twice a year.
The questionnaire Zem 1-12 on slaughtering of livestock allows the responding unit to report either the live weight of animals or the carcass weight. The non-surveyed weight is calculated as follows:
The coefficient used are shown in the Table 1:
Table 1: Recalculation coefficients
Animal species and category | Coefficient* | Comments |
Calves | 1.69 | |
Young cattle | 1.836 | |
Bulls, bullocks | 1.82 | |
Heifers | 1.89 | |
Cows | 1.94 | |
Pigs other than sows and boars | 1.3 | Recommendation of the MoA; 1.285 until 2015 |
Sows and boars | 1.53 | |
Sheep and goats | 2.244 | |
Lambs | 2.346 | |
Horses | 1.94 |
*coefficient = 1/carcass yield
The live/carcass weight of cattle slaughtered out of slaughterhouses is calculated as the number of animals slaughtered out of slaughterhouses taken from the external source multiplied by average live/carcass weight of animals slaughtered in slaughterhouses.
Calculations of non-surveyed indicators of poultrymeat production are based on data taken from the statistical survey of the MoA and the estimated average live weight provided by the same ministry:
The values of carcass yield used are shown in the Table 2:
Table 2: Carcass yield of poultry
Animal species and category | Carcass yield | Comments |
Chicken | 0.65 | The carcass yield corresponds to the definitions of poultrymeat not cut in pieces, without giblets, as used in the Combined Nomenclature; without giblets since 2012 |
Hens | 0.65 | |
Turkeys | 0.73 | |
Ducks | 0.63 | |
Geese | 0.75 | |
Others | 0.65 |
IV. Indicators published
The STAPRO code is a four-digit code of the statistical variable used in the Statistical meta-information System of the CZSO; it is indicated in brackets after the name of the variable.
A. Livestock statistics
1. Main statistical variable
Number of livestock (5560): The number of livestock as at a specified day
2. Other statistical variables
Number of livestock live born (5637): The number of livestock born presenting signs of life.
Number of livestock lost by death (5640): The number of livestock lost by death until a specified age (calves until 3 months, piglets until weaning).
Number of animal days of livestock (5643): the number of days, in which every particular livestock individual was kept (fed, nursed).
Production of animals for slaughter (5651): the quantity of livestock heads in live weight, which were taken to the market for the purpose of slaughtering, and also of livestock slaughtered at own slaughterhouses (abattoirs), at other party slaughterhouses for wage, or out of any slaughterhouse.
Production of animal products – cow’s milk (5648): the quantity of animal products, which result from animal production – cow’s milk. Includes milk both milked and sucked by suckling calves of dairy cows. Milk sucked from cows other that dairy ones is excluded.
Production of animal products – eggs for consumption (5659): the quantity of animal products, which result from animal production – hen’s eggs for consumption.
Eggs for consumption: hen’s eggs intended for human consumption, in shell, fresh. Eggs from pullets, if they can be separated on the farm, are excluded.
3. Derived statistical variables, yield indicators
Number of livestock per utilised agricultural area (7264): the number of livestock as at a specified day related to the size of the utilised agricultural area.
Utilised agricultural area: includes arable land, permanent grasslands, vineyards, hop gardens, orchards, gardens, and other permanent crops.
Number of livestock per arable land (7269): the number of livestock as at a specified day related to the size of the arable land.
Arable land: Utilised arable land, on which crops for production purposes are grown in a regular sequence, or areas of arable land available for crop production but set aside (fallow land). Areas under glass or high accessible cover are included as well.
Number of live-born animals per number of females (6123): the number of livestock born presenting signs of life divided by the average number of females or a multiple thereof (e.g. calves per 100 cows, piglets per one sow).
Number of weaned animals (6114): the number of livestock that have survived to a certain point of time (e.g. calves until 3 months, piglets until weaning). It is calculated as the difference between the number of live-born animals and the number of animals lost by death.
Number of weaned animals per number of females (6119): the number of livestock that have survived to a certain point of time (e.g. calves until 3 months, piglets until weaning) divided by the average number of females or a multiple thereof (e.g. calves per 100 cows, piglets per one sow).
Average milk yield (6130): the average quantity of milk milked from one cow over a certain period of time (e.g. day, half-year, year)
Average egg yield (6131): the average quantity of eggs laid by one hen over a certain period of time (quarter, year)
B. Meat production statistics
1. Main statistical variable
Livestock slaughtered (5660): the variable is a common expression for meat production indicators (number of slaughtered animals, live weight, carcass weight).
The number of slaughtered animals expresses the number of animals whose meat is intended for human consumption.
The live weight of slaughtered animals expresses the live weight of animals before their slaughter, expressed as the empty body weight.
The carcass weight expresses the weight of a cold carcass (obtained by subtraction of 2% of the weight recorded warm, i. e. 60 min after bleeding at the latest for cattle and 45 min after bleeding at the latest for pigs)
The carcass means:
- for cattle: the whole body of a slaughtered animal as presented after bleeding, evisceration and skinning, presented without the head (separated from the carcass at the atloido-occipital joint); without the feet (severed at the carpametacarpal or tarsometatarsal joints); without the organs contained in the thoracic and abdominal cavities with or without the kidneys, the kidney fat and the pelvic fat; and without the sexual organs and the attached muscles and without the udder or the mammary fat;
- for pigs: the body of a slaughtered pig, bled and eviscerated, whole or divided down the mid-line, without tongue, bristles, hooves, sexual organs, flare fat, kidneys and diaphragm;
- for sheep and goats: the whole body of a slaughtered animal as presented after bleeding, evisceration and skinning, presented without the head (separated at the atloido-occipital joint); without the feet (severed at the carpametacarpal or tarsometatarsal joints); without the tail (severed between the sixth and seventh caudal vertebrae); without the organs contained in the thoracic and abdominal cavities (except the kidneys and kidney fat); and without the udder and sexual organs; the kidneys and kidney fat are part of the carcass;
- for horses: the body of a slaughtered animal as presented after bleeding, evisceration and skinning, without the head, the tail, the udder and parts of limbs; kidneys and kidney fat are part of the carcass; the pelvic fat is not included;
- for poultry: animal plucked and drawn, without head and feet and without neck, heart, liver and gizzard, known as ‘65 % chicken’, or otherwise presented.
The items of the nomenclatures of the statistical meta-information system used in animal production statistics are listed in the Annex.
V. Retroactive corrections, revisions, data improvement procedures
Retroactive corrections and revisions are usually not conducted in the animal production statistics.
VI. Comparability
1. Comparability over time
A. Livestock statistics
The data are comparable since 2002 taking into account the changes in the classification.
Changes in the breakdown of the item cattle/bovines aged up to 1 year:
Until 2016: the sum of items calves (aged up to 8 months) and young cattle (aged 8-12 months)
Since 2017: the sum of items calves aged up to 6 months and calves aged 6-12 months
The aggregate cattle/bovines aged up to 1 year is comparable.
B. Meat production statistics
The data are comparable since 2002 taking into account methodological changes.
Methodological changes:
Definition of calves and young cattle:
Until 2008: Calves = cattle/bovines with a live weight less than 300 kg
Since 2009: Calves = cattle/bovines aged up to 8 months
Young cattle = cattle/bovines aged 8-12 months
Poultrymeat:
Without giblets since 2012
2. Comparability with other outputs
The outputs are comparable with the Integrated Farm Survey (IFS) in the indicator Number of livestock taking into account the threshold values for including of responding units to IFS.
3. International comparability
The data on animal production statistics are comparable at the international level. Animal production statistics in the European Union are provided for by Regulation (EC) No 1165/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 concerning livestock and meat statistics and repealing Council Directives 93/23/EEC, 93/24/EEC and 93/25/EEC.
VII. Seasonal adjustment
No seasonal adjustment is carried out in animal production statistics.
VIII. Data dissemination
Publications: https://csu.gov.cz/agriculture-publications
Public database: https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=statistiky#katalog=30840
News Releases:
Time series: https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/zem_ts
Open data (in Czech only):
The publication dates are listed in the Catalogue of products: https://csu.gov.cz/catalogue-of-products
Eurostat database:
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/agriculture/data/database
IX. Additional methodological information and external links
Legislation:
Regulation (EU) 2022/2379 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 November 2022 on statistics on agricultural input and output, amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 617/2008 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 1165/2008, (EC) No 543/2009 and (EC) No 1185/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 96/16/EC (in force from 1 January 2025):
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2379/oj
Depending on the course of the legislative process for the implementing regulation for livestock statistics, Regulation 2022/2379 will enter into force for this domain in 2025 at the earliest
Regulation (EC) No 1165/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 concerning livestock and meat statistics and repealing Council Directives 93/23/EEC, 93/24/EEC and 93/25/EEC:
http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1165/oj
Contact person: Ing. Markéta Fiedlerová, Ph.D., tel. 274052603, e-mail: marketa.fiedlerova@csu.gov.cz